عندي سوال عن الإيدز

[شقردي]

سلالالالالالام


ابي صفحه ممتازه وسهلة المعاني عن مرض الإيدز


الله يكفينا ويكفيكم شرررره

[dr_messo]

مرحبا عزيزي


اضغط هنا (http://www.sehha.com/diseases/id/aids/aids02.htm)

[شقردي]

شكرا اخوي dr_messo على الموقع هو مفيد




بس انا ابي اعرف شي واحد



الإيدز ينتقل عن طريق الفم ولا لا ؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟؟

[dr_messo]

مرحبا اخي




تقول بعض الدراسات الحديثه ان مرض الايدز يمكن ان ينتقل عن طريق اللعاب

ولكن هذه دراسات قليه ولم يثبت الامر تمام بعد


ولكن هناك احتمال ان يكون الامر صحيحا ..


والوقايه خير من العلاج




اسال الله ان لايكتب المرض على مسلم

[DR.FAHD]

Definition
AIDSآ stands forآ "Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome." AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). AIDS is the final and most serious stage of HIV disease, in which the signs and symptoms of severe immune deficiency have developed.
Alternative names
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Causes, incidence, and risk factors
AIDS is the fifth leading cause of death among persons between ages 25 and 44 in the United States. About 47 million people worldwide have been infected with HIV since the start of the epidemic.

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) causes AIDS. The virus attacks the immune system and leaves the body vulnerable to a variety of life-threatening illnesses and cancers. Common bacteria, yeast, parasites, and viruses that ordinarily do لا cause serious disease in people with fully functional immune systems can cause fatal illnesses in people with AIDS.

HIV has been found in saliva, tears, nervous system tissue, blood, semen (including pre-seminal fluid, or "pre-cum"), vaginal fluid, and breast milk. However, only blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk have been proven to transmit infection to others.

Transmission of the virus occurs:

through sexual contact -- including oral, vaginal, and anal sex
through blood -- via blood transfusions or needle sharing
from mother to child -- a pregnant woman can passively transmit the virus to her fetus, or a nursing mother can transmit it to her baby
Other transmission methods are rare and include accidental needle injury, artificial insemination through donated semen, and through a donated organ.

HIV infection is NOT spread by casual contact such as hugging and touching, by touching dishes, doorknobs, or toilet seats, during participation in sports, or by mosquitoes. It is NOT transmitted to a person who donates blood or organs. However, it can be transmitted to the person receiving blood or organs from an infected donor. This is why blood banks and organ donor programs screen donors, blood, and tissues thoroughly.

Those at highest risk include homosexual or bisexual men engaging in unprotected sex, intravenous drug users who share needles, the sexual partners of those who participate in high-risk activities, infants born to mothers with HIV, and persons who received blood transfusions or clotting products between 1977 and 1985 (prior to standard screening for the virus in the blood).

AIDS begins with HIV infection. People who become infected with HIV may have no symptoms for up to ten years, but they can still transmit the infection to others. Meanwhile, their immune system gradually weakens until they are diagnosed with AIDS. Acute HIV infection progresses over time to asymptomatic HIV infection and then to early symptomatic HIV infection and later, to AIDS (very advanced HIV infection):

HIV Infection (acute HIV infection) -->early asymptomatic HIV infection -->early symptomatic HIV infection -->AIDS

Most individuals infected with HIV will progress to AIDS if لا treated. However, there is a very small subset of patients who develop AIDS very slowly or never at all. These patients are called non-progressors.

Prevention
Prevention of AIDS requires foresight and self-discipline. The requirements often seem personally restrictive, but they are effective and can save your life.

1. Do لا have sexual intercourse with:

People known or suspected to be infected with AIDS
Multiple partners
A person who has multiple partners
People who use IV drugs
2. Do لا use intravenous drugs. If IV drugs are used, do لا share needles or syringes. Avoid exposure to blood from injuries or nosebleeds where the HIV status of the bleeding individual is unknown. Protective clothing, masks, and goggles may be appropriate when caring for people who are injured.

3. Anyone who tests positive for HIV may pass the disease on to others and should لا donate blood, plasma, body organs, or sperm. From a legal, ethical, and moral standpoint, they should warn any prospective sexual partner of their HIV positive status. They should لا exchange body fluids during sexual activity and must use whatever preventative measures (such as a latex condom) will afford the partner the most protection.

4. HIV positive women should be counseled before becoming pregnant about the risk to unborn children and medical advances which may help prevent the fetus from becoming infected.

5. Mothers who are HIV positive should لا breast feed.

6. "Safe sex" practices, such as latex condoms, are highly effective in preventing HIV transmission. HOWEVER, there remains a risk of acquiring the infection even with the use of condoms. Abstinence is the only sure way to prevent sexual transmission of HIV.

7. HIV-positive patients who are taking anti-retroviral medications are less likely to transmit the virus. For example, pregnant women who are on treatment at the time of delivery transmit HIV to the infant about 5% of the time.

The U.S. blood supply is among the safest in the world. Nearly all people infected with HIV through blood transfusions received those transfusions before 1985, the year HIV testing began for all donated blood. Currently, the risk of infection with HIV in the United States through receiving a blood transfusion or blood products is extremely low and has become progressively lower, even in geographic areas with high HIV prevalence.

Symptoms
The symptoms of AIDS are primarily the result of infections that do لا normally develop in individuals with healthy immune systems. These infections are termed "opportunistic infections."

Patients with AIDS have had their immune system destroyed by HIV and are susceptible to such opportunistic infections. The general symptoms are fevers, sweats, chills, weakness, and weight loss. See the signs and tests section below for a list of the common AIDS-defining opportunistic infections and the major symptoms associated with them.

Note: Initial infection may produce no symptoms. Some people with HIV infection remain without symptoms for years between the time of exposure and development of AIDS.

Signs and tests
Not all patients infected with HIV have AIDS. The patients who have tested positive for the HIV antibody test slowly develop AIDS as HIV destroys their immune systems.

In order for a patient who is infected with HIV to have AIDS, their immune system must be severely damaged. The severity of the immune system damage is measured by an absolute CD4 lymphocyte count. The CD4 lymphocyte is an important cell in the blood stream that helps protect from several infections and cancers. If a person infected with HIV has a CD4 count less than 200, they are said to have AIDS.

The following is a list of "AIDS-defining" infections and cancers that people with AIDS acquire as their CD4 count decreases. Many other illnesses and corresponding symptoms may develop in addition to those listed here.

CD4 count below 350/ml

Herpes Simplex Virus — causes ulcers in your mouth or genitals
Tuberculosis — infection by the tuberculosis bacteria that predominately affects the lungs
Oral or vaginal thrush — yeast infection of the mouth or genitals
Herpes zoster — ulcers over a discrete patch of skin caused by this virus
Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma — cancer of the lymph glands
CD4 count below 200/ml

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Candida esophagitis — painful yeast infection of the esophagus
CD4 count below 100/ml

Cryptococcal meningitis — infection of the brain by this fungus
AIDS Dementia — worsening and slowing of mental function caused by HIV
Toxoplasmosis encephalitis — infection of the brain by this parasite
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy — a viral disease of the brain caused by a virus (called the JC virus) that caused quick decline in cognitive and motor functions
Wasting Syndrome — extreme weight loss and anorexia caused by HIV
CD4 count below 50/ml

Mycobacterium — a blood infection by a bacterium related to tuberculosis
Cytomegalovirus infection — a viral infection that can affect almost any organ system, especially the eyes
In addition to the CD4 lymphocyte count, T (thymus derived) lymphocyte count, chest x-rays, pap smears, and other tests are useful in managing HIV disease.

منقول